PRESENT PERFECT TENSE & SIMPLE PAST TENSE
1.
Present Perfect Tense is used to express unfinished events that started in the past and continue to the present. The events are still continuing.
Examples:
- I have lived in Paris for five years. ( I still live in Paris )
- My son has been sick since Monday. ( My son is still sick )
- He has worked in Berlin since he graduated from the university. ( He still works in Berlin )
HOWEVER;
Simple Past Tense is used to express finished events.
Examples:
- I lived in Paris for five years. ( I moved another city and now I am no living there )
- My son was sick on Monday. ( My son isn’t sick now )
- He worked in Berlin after he graduated from the university. ( He found himself a new job and he isn’t working in Berlin)
2.
Present Perfect Tense is used to express finished events in someone’s life. ( if the person is still alive – life experience )
Examples:
- I have been to England in my life. ( I am alive )
- He has never travelled by plane. ( He is alive )
- Scientist have tried to invent something new. ( We are alive )
HOWEVER;
Simple Past Tense is used to express finished events in someone’s life. (if the person is dead)
Examples:
- My Mother went to America four times. ( She is dead )
- He travelled a lot by plane. ( He is dead )
- They tried to invent something new. ( they are dead )
3.
Present Perfect Tense is used to express finished events that happened at an unspecified time in the past and the impact of the event is now continuing. ( Past Event – Present Result )
Examples:
- She has lost her wallet. ( She can’t find it and I have no money now )
- We can’t reach Paul by phone. Have you seen him?
- Tom isn’t at school. I think he has gone to the theater.
HOWEVER;
Simple Past Tense is used to express finished events. There is no result in the present. (Xanax)
Examples:
- She lost her wallet yesterday. ( I canceled my cards and bought a new wallet yesterday- there is no result now )
- Yesterday we could reach Paul by phone ( I don’t need to reach or call Paul now – there is no result now)
- He went to the theater two hours ago. ( now he is at school – there is no result now)
4.
Present Perfect Tense is used with unfinished time words ( this week, today,this year etc. ). The period of time is still continuing.
Examples:
- We haven’t called him this week. ( “this week” is not over yet )
- I have eaten lots of plumps today. ( “today” is not over yet )
- They have had several exams this month. ( “this month” is not over yet )
Simple Past Tense is used with finished time words ( yesterday, last week, in 2000, etc. ).
HOWEVER;
Examples:
- We didn’t call him yesterday.
- I ate lots of plumps last week.
- They had several exams last year.
ATTENTION:
If we use a specific time in a sentence, we should use “Simple Past Tense“.
If we use an unspecific time in a sentence, we should use “Present Perfect Tense“.
Time words with “in the” and without “in the” have different meanings.
For example;
( last year- in the last year/ last week – in the last week / last month- in the last month )
“Last month” and “in the last month” have different meanings.
“Last month” means the month before now. It is considered a specific time, so it requires Simple Past Tense.
“In the last month” means from 30 days ago until now ( at some point between 30 days ago and now ) . It is not considered a specific time, so it requires Present Perfect Tense.
Examples:
- We haven’t received any mail in the last month.
- We didn’t receive any mail last month.
- I have solved many problems in the last year.
- I solved many problems last year.
For Present Perfect Tense click here
For Simple Past Tense click here
